Manets Le Dejuner sur Lherbe and Bouguereaus Nymphs and Satyr

Édouard Manet and William-Adolphe Bouguereau are two famous 19th century French painters. They are widely famous for their painting techniques and influence that they had on the future generation of impressionist painters, such as Pablo Picasso. Édouard Manet and William-Adolphe Bouguereau were highly criticized for the subjects matters and painting manners that they used in their most famous pictures that we are going to compare and contrast in this paper.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Manet’s Le Dejuner sur L’herbe and Bouguereau’s Nymphs and Satyr specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The first picture is Edouard Manet’s Le Dejuner sur L’herbe created in 1863 and William-Adolphe Bouguereau’s Nymphs and Satyr painted in 1873. Those pictures were created during the same era; however, they present different artistic movements. Manet’s picture presents the tran sition from realism to impressionist demonstrating a modern life subjects. As opposed to the Le Dejuner sur L’herbe, Adolphe Bouguereau’s Nymphs and Satyr appeared just one year before the first impressionist exhibition was held; the painting represented the traditions of the academic art and, at the same time, predicted the launch of impressionism. Both pictures are united by common subject of female nudeness that, however, does not attract the eyes of the viewer, but service as the main means to express the main ideas of the pictures. Thus, the first picture under consideration is Edouard Manet’s Dà ©jeuner sur L’herbe (1863). This picture is considered to be one of the most famous and the most influential picture of the 19th centuries. It was created on the border of two great artistic movements, realism and impressionism. Thus, it has features of both periods. On the one hand, it depicts a realistic life-scene, on the other hand, a nude woman is an i nappropriate â€Å"figure† in a life-scene picture. The influence of the realistic movement is seen in its style and theme. However, the impressionistic manner is seen in the picture as well. First of all, it can be seen through the usage of colors and unique brushwork that was later adopted by impressionists. The picture demonstrates controversy that â€Å"was caused by the juxtaposition of a nude woman with a pair of clothed men seated in a landscape† (Rothwell 7). The theme and painting techniques used by the artist were inspired by old masters, such as Marcantonio Raimond and his picture The Judgement of Paris, and such paintings of the Renaissance period as Titian and Giorgione. There is much in common with the painting Pastoral Concert that also depicts two dressed men and two nude women. In general, it can be said that the artist combined two genres in his picture, landscape and portraiture: â€Å"His aim for the work seems to have been to combine the natural, pastoral setting – favored by the Barbizon painters in their own paintings of Fontainebleau – with a study of everyday, life-size people interacting with one another. In other words, he is fusing the genres of landscape and portraiture and placing the subject of modern life on a heroic scale† (â€Å"Manet’s Dà ©jeuner sur L’herbe† n. p.).Advertising Looking for essay on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It demonstrates the artist’s own style of painting. The picture provoked much debate regarding its composition and the use of light. The artist painted the scene that is not understandable for the viewer. Two men dressed as dendi seem to be communicating, however, one of them is ignoring the other one, as well as women in the picture. In addition, the artist used the light and shadow so that attract attention to the figures of women: they are very bright comparing t o the figures of men and surrounding landscape. The baskets and fruit that should be their lunch are tossed aside and nobody pays attention to them at all. A nude woman in the front of the picture is looking at us. She is not ashamed and absolutely calm. It seems that all people in the picture are engaged in their personal business and do not care about the others. What is particular about the picture is that the female nudity is not emphasized: â€Å"In Manet’s Le Dejeuner sur L’herb, the female nudity appears unnoticed, and a kind of immobility reigns. Manet paints his nude woman in such a way that the eyes of the viewer are riveted to her gaze and figure† (Locke 37). As opposed to the picture by Manet, Nymphs and Satyr by William-Adolphe Bouguereau is very different in style from other works by the author. The picture was created in 1873, ten years later than the work by Manet, on the edge of impressionism. The picture represents the academic art. Academic ar t focused on specific painting rules and techniques that were influenced by Neoclassical and Romantic traditions. Academic art was aimed at uniting those styles. The artists focused on the use of light and lines as the same things. The hierarchy of genres was adopted by academic art, and thus, such genres as religious and mythological were considered to be â€Å"grade genre†. Major emphasis was made on the â€Å"female human body†. The painting by Bouguereau Nymphs and Satyr: â€Å"Presents both the best and the worst of Academic art. It portrays a subject inspired by classical mythology with precise realism, meticulous details, and feigned emotion. Such content, along with its practice execution, was diametrically opposed to the work of artists poised at the birth of modern art† (Fichner-Rathus 281). The picture seems to depict mythical personages that are having fun. However, looking more closely at the painting, we can notice that there is a sort of a â€Å" battle† on the bank of the river. The nymphs are standing firmly on the ground and they are playing with the Satyr, who is trying to resists the nymphs’ attempts to drag him into the river. Thus, the nymphs are in charge in this picture. According to Lafenestre:Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Manet’s Le Dejuner sur L’herbe and Bouguereau’s Nymphs and Satyr specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More â€Å"A glossy, creamy, waxy painting where one guesses at all kinds of ingenuities, where one finds the art of composition, well-ordered groups, motion, wit, and great suppleness of drawing, but which is cold in essence, empty and leaving but a faint impression on the mind.† (492). It is the main feature of the Bouguereau’s painting. It depicts a mythical scene, interpretation of the Classical subject, and emphasizes the nudity of the female body. The artist depicted an idealize d world while using the realistic style that was popular at the time. In this regard, the image exemplifies the artist’s style and the movement it represents. Both pictures feature formal differences. Thus, the painting techniques and the usage of colors are different. The subjects of the pictures are also different, Manet depicted modern-life subject and William-Adolphe Bouguereau interpreted Classical theme. However, both pictures depict female nude body. Both authors tried to be realistic in presenting human body and motion. Both pictures seem to be â€Å"alive†. In addition, the authors used the play of light and line to mark out the lines of female figures. Thus, women are more â€Å"bright† and attract the viewers’ eyes, at the same time, male figures are in shadow. Finally, both authors used rural scenery for their paintings. The pictures represent different movements (they are separated by ten years) and different styles, however, they are united by a common subject, female nude body that was common for the period. Both pictures provide an insight into the à ©poque when they were created. Both of them were unique and were attacked by contemporaries. However, they serve a great example of how the artist can express personal ideas using style that is strikingly different from the author’s personal style. Both pictures were created on the border of two periods, romanticism and impressionism, they demonstrate painting techniques of both periods. Due to this particularity, the pictures made their creators popular. One can question the morality and ethics of the scenes depicted in both pictures, especially when they are painted so naturally without some â€Å"idolized manner† that was common for the period. It can be suggested that in both pictures, the nudity of female figures is a challenge to the dominance of the dressed men. The conscious and calm face of the woman in Manet’s picture that looks at us with out shame, and courage of nymphs in the William-Adolphe Bouguereau’s picture is the best evidence of this. The pictures present high interest to all interested in art of the 19th century, these are the most prominent works and widely accepted as masterpieces of the 19th century painting.Advertising Looking for essay on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Works Cited Fichner-Rathus, Lois. Foundations of Art and Design. London: Cengage Learning, 2011. Lafenestre, Georges. â€Å"Salon de 1873.† Gazette des Beaux-Arts 7.2 (1873). Locke, Nancy. Manet and the Family Romance. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2003. â€Å"Manet’s Dà ©jeuner sur L’herbe.† Impressionism the Making of Modern Art. N. d. Web. Rothwell, Lindsay. â€Å"Dà ©jeuner sur l’herbe.† The Unknown Monet: Pastels and Drawings. London: Royal Academy of Arts, 2007. Web. This essay on Manet’s Le Dejuner sur L’herbe and Bouguereau’s Nymphs and Satyr was written and submitted by user Silvermane to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

The Story of Semele as Told by Nemesis

The Story of Semele as Told by Nemesis Semele was a daughter of Poseidons grandson, Cadmus, the King of Thebes, and Harmonia. Through Harmonia, Semele was a granddaughter of Ares and the cousin of Aphrodite, and therefore, great-granddaughter of Zeus. Do you remember the genealogy of Achilles? Zeus was his great-great-great-grandfather once and great-great-great-great-grandfather twice on Achilles fathers mothers side. Lusty Zeus even wanted to mate with Thetis, Achilles mother but was scared off when he heard that her son would eclipse his father in fame. Considering the number of times Zeus insinuated himself into the genealogies of the heroes, and the founders of the great cities, youd think he was trying single-handedly to populate Greece. Despite the fact that Zeus was (old enough to be) Semeles great-granddad, Semele, and Zeus became lovers. Hera, jealous as usual - and, as usual, with a cause - disguised herself as a mortal nurse. Working in this capacity at the Theban court of King Cadmus, Hera as nurse Beroe gained the confidence of Princess Semele. When Semele became pregnant, Hera-Beroe put an idea into her mind. You might be more familiar with another variation on the same theme: The most beautiful woman in the world, Psyche, was given as a bride to a mysterious creature (whom she did not know was the son of Aphrodite Cupid) as a punishment for detracting from the worship of the goddess Aphrodite. Life was grand even though Psyche was only allowed to visit with her husband in the cover of darkness. Psyches two jealous sisters did what they could to spoil Psyches nighttime fun. They told Psyche her husband was probably a hideous monster and that was why he didnt want her to see him. Persuaded that they might be right, Psyche disobeyed the rule set down by her divine husband. To get a clear look at him, she shone a lamp on his face, saw the most beautiful being she could have imagined, and dropped a bit of lamp oil upon him. Burned, he instantly awoke. Seeing that Psyche had distrusted and therefore disobeyed him (actually, his mother Aphrodite), he flew away. For Psyche to regain her gorgeous husband Cupid, she had to placate Aphrodite. This included making a return trip to the Underworld. Like Psyches jealous sister, the goddess who is a past-mistress of jealousy, Hera, sowed seeds of doubt and jealousy in Semele. Hera persuaded Semele that she wouldnt know if the man who was presenting himself to her as Zeus was a god unless he revealed himself to Semele in godlike form. Furthermore, Semele wouldnt know if Zeus loved her unless he made love to her in the same way he made love to his wife, Hera. Semele was young, and pregnancy can do odd things, so Semele, who probably should have known better, prevailed upon Zeus to grant her (or rather Hera-Beroes) request. Why did Zeus oblige? Was he vain enough to want to impress the young woman? Was he foolish enough to think it wouldnt hurt? Did he know he could convince anyone that he was under an obligation of honor to do as Semele requested? Did he want to be both mother and father to the unborn child? Ill let you decide. Zeus, revealing himself in his full thunder-bolting glory, killed the frail human Semele. Before her body was cold, Zeus had snatched from it the six-month unborn child and sewed it into his thigh. When the thigh-sewn child was born, he was named Dionysus. Among the Thebans, rumors - planted by Hera - persisted that Zeus had not been his father. Instead, Dionysus was the entirely mortal son of Semele and a mortal man. Dionysus dispensed with any mortal who cast aspersions on his mothers reputation by doubting that her sexual liaison had been divine - although why mating with the philandering Zeus confers honor in mortal circles is beyond me. Whats more, with the permission of Zeus, the dutiful Dionysus went to the Underworld and raised his mother Semele from the dead so that, like Psyche, she could live along with her child, among the gods.

Coteminas. Organizational structure Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Coteminas. Organizational structure - Essay Example The company has set roots in the north (Great River), United States, Argentina, and Mexico. From these ventures, it is evident that the company uses admirable strategies to penetrate the market. In reference to the company’s financial records, it is evident that a larger percentage of the revenue is from external ventures. Its expansions are resulting from mergers and acquisition. One of the significant acquisitions is the amalgamation of Spring Industries. The company has been working on extending its global reach through the creation of global spring. This is by the formation of joint ventures with other textile companies. 10 years after its establishment, Cotminas’ capital increased from US$ 40 million to over US$ 496. From this growth, it became difficult to manage the company, leading to it becoming a public company. In relation to its financial records, the company has been experiencing steady growth, resulting from quality management skills (Walter 12). In refere nce to poly-centralization, which means development of infrastructure, housing, and urban land, the company is leading in opening up remote areas. This is because its leading branches are in the under developed areas. With this, the company ends up enhancing development and creation off employment in the rural areas. It also enhances extension of other services such as banking, security, and other welfare (Jay 23). Decision making processes It is evident that Coteminas uses mergers and acquisition to expand its dominance. An ideal example is the merger with the Wentex textile. This is a company that dominates the manufacture of t-shirts in china. Chinese prefer the products of the company because they are cheap, and the same time they are of quality. This has led the company to expand to the extent of making US$ 600 million in a single financial year. These are the financial records of 1995. These are the financial records that enticed Conteminas’ joint venture (Institute of Textile Technology 45). Conteminas decisions are on the availability of raw materials. The joint venture with Wentex exists on the fact that the firm had access to cheap raw materials. This made it produce quality products on a competitive ground because its products would reach the markets on favorable terms. These raw materials are polyester which it access on 11% cheaper than the prevailing price in china, and cotton. The company is also fast is producing t-shirts. It produced four times more efficient than the average speed of its competitors (Gary 34). The company also targets areas with low cost of labor. This is evident from its venture in the northern region of Brazil. The area fully depends on the relief aid from the government. It is also under developed thus offering chances of low labor. This is the reason behind the success of the venture in Paraiba, northern region of Brazil. The wages in the region are below the average wages paid on the southern region of the country . The cost of other resources such as electricity and waters is also cheap in reference to other regions in the country. This has led the company to making admirable profits resulting from the low cost of production. This is the reason behind the location of three main branches in Brazil, a Termeletrica plant, located in Christmas, The Great River of the North, and a hidreletrica of the situated in Minas Gerais. On the other hand, the company has centralized its administration and commercialization in a central region, in the country. The company’s has these capabilities from the extended partnership with other multinationals. This is a strategic tool to ensure that a sustainable environment prevails (Icon Group International 23). The company has been working on building it basis